Examining the Impact of Maternal Stress on Neonatal Development: A Psychophysiological Insight

Abstract

Background: Maternal stress during pregnancy significantly influences neonatal development, impacting various physical, cognitive, and emotional aspects. This retrospective cross-sectional quantitative study aims to comprehensively examine the intricate relationship between maternal stress during pregnancy and its influence on neonatal outcomes.

Methodology: The study was conducted at Aisha Hospital, focusing on pregnant women who delivered between 18 June and 20 August. A cohort of 28 participants was selected from historical medical records. Maternal stress during pregnancy was assessed using the validated Sadaf Stress Scale (SSS), categorized as low, moderate, or high. Additionally, maternal age, socioeconomic status, medical history, and pregnancy-related complications were noted. Neonatal outcomes, including birth weight, gestational age at birth, Apgar scores, and documented complications, were considered dependent variables. Data were collected from electronic medical records and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0.

Results: The study encompassed 28 participants, each characterized by maternal stress levels during pregnancy, birth weight, gestational age at birth, Apgar score, and neonatal complications. Maternal stress levels varied across participants, with corresponding impacts on neonatal outcomes. Birth weights ranged from 2200 grams to 3900 grams, while gestational ages at birth spanned from 32 to 40 weeks. Apgar scores varied from 4 to 9, reflecting varying degrees of newborn health immediately after birth. Neonatal complications included respiratory distress, preterm birth, or a combination of both.

Conclusion: This study contributes to our understanding of the complex interplay between maternal stress during pregnancy and neonatal development.