Role of COVID-19 Genotype in Pathogenesis

Abstract

Background: Corona viruses are not new to us, and there are 15 different variants known to us. In the last 20 years, this is the fourth coronavirus outbreak, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seems to be the deadliest among all, with the ability to continue producing more contagious variants. In this mini-review, we highlighted the genotypic variance of the pathogenesis of COVID-19.        

Methodology: The article tracks the history and the genotypic variance of Corona virus. The literature was searched using the terms COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Corona virus, genotypic variance etc. via Google Scholar, and PubMed.

Results: Comparative modelling and molecular studies revealed some essential variations in the intermolecular interaction between Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) alleles and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This shows an interesting result for two ACE-2 alleles, rs73635825 (S19P) and rs143936283 (E329G), their low binding affinity and lack of some of the critical residues in the complex formation with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This may be suggestive of intrinsic resistance to some scale against the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Conclusion: The SARS-CoV-2 S protein appears to be a promising immunogen for protection, but its role in preventing transmission is still unclear.