Mammographic density and its association with molecular subtype of breast cancer.

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women globally. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of different mammographic density of breast parenchyma along with the association with the molecular subtype of breast cancer.

Methodology: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among breast cancer females age 40 and above. The study participants' demographic and clinical data, such as age, sex, menstrual status, gravida, parity, and lactation, were collected using a standard questionnaire. The anthropometric parameters were taken by using the standard techniques. Breast physical examination, mammography, and ultrasound were done. The ultrasound did the breast tumor biopsy -guided techniques and histopathology, and immunohistochemistry was used to identify the molecular subtype of breast cancer. The univariate and multivariate statistic was performed on SPSS version 20.0.

Results: Most of the patients<50 years were human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) positive, and are overweight too. Similar findings were noted among lactating and multigravida patients. The Grade I tumor and dense breast patients were 100% with HER2 negative and ER, PR positive. Most heterogeneous dense and fibroglandular containing breast patients were ER, PR positive. There is a significant correlation between BMI, microcalcification, and HER2 positive. Most of the triple Negative and Luminal-B were heterogeneous dense.

Conclusion: In conclusion, a significant association between the mammographic density parameters and molecular breast cancer subtype, particularly Luminal-A and luminal B, was seen. The ER, PR, and HER-2 have a positive correlation with the physical radiographical and mammodensity parameters.